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Trend Analysis of Science and Technology 

The Civil Services (Main) Examination Syllabus is mentioned as: 

•   Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life

•   Achievements of Indians in science & technology

•   Indigenization of technology and developing new technology.

•   Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio- technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.

However, the above topics are defined broadly and students sometimes fail to understand the sub-topics need to be read while preparing for the subject. 

Hence, hereby providing the list of sub-topics:

Introduction

•   The Nature of Science and Technology

•   S&T in India: Historical Perspective

•   Science and Planning

•   S&T Policies in Independent India

•   S&T Infrastructure in India

•   Department of Science and Technology

•   Why India Lags Behind in Research and Innovation?

S&T in Agriculture and Rural Development

•   Basic Resources of Agriculture

•   Environment-Friendly Agriculture

•   Sustainable Agriculture

•   S&T Advancements in Agricultural Produce in India

•   Genetically Modified Crops: Biosafety and Regulation

•   Animal Husbandry

•   Agriculture in Special Areas

•   Climate-Smart Agriculture

•   Research, Education, Transfer of Technology in India

•   S&T and Rural Development in India

Energy

•   Types of Energy Resources

•   Fossil Fuels

•   Renewable Sources and their Development in India

Nuclear Science

•   Radioactivity

•   Radioisotopes

•   Nuclear Power

•   Applications of Nuclear S&T

•   Safety Issues

•   Nuclear Weapons

•   India’s Nuclear Science Programme

Information Technology

•   Electronics

•   Computers

•   The Internet

•   Computer Security

•   Telecommunication

•   India and Info-Tech

•   Artificial Intelligence

•   Robots and Robotics

•   Fibre Optics

•   Computer- and IT-Related Terms and Products

Nanotechnology

•   Understanding Nanotechnology

•   Approaches in Nanotechnology

•   Applications

•   Implications and Various Concerns

•   Nanotechnology in India

•   Nano Mission

Space Research

•   The Origin and Development of the Universe

•   Accelerating Expansion of the Universe

•   Space Exploration

•   Elements of Space Research and Technology

•   India’s Space Programme

•   India’s Space Ventures

•   Space Applications

•   Milestones in India’s Space Ventures

•   Space-Industry Partnership in India

•   International Cooperation in Space

•   Space Garbage and Dealing with it

Defence Research and Technology

•   Weapon Innovations

•   Defence R&D in India

Health and Medicine

•   Disease-Causing Agents

•   Infectious Diseases

•   Non-Infectious or Degenerative Diseases

•   Health Policies and Programmes in India

Genetics and Biotechnology

•   What is Genetics

•   Genome Analysis and Human Genetics

•   What is Biotechnology

•   Biotechnology Techniques

•   Genetic Engineering

•   DNA Fingerprinting

•   Cloning

•   Artificial Insemination and Embryo

•   Stem Cell Technology

•   Applications of Biotechnology

•   Patents and Biotechnology

•   Patents and Biotechnology: Terminology

Trend Analysis of Science and Technology

How to Prepare:

If you analyse the previous year papers, maximum questions have been asked from the Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio- technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.

Hence for preparation of this topic, rather than referring to the traditional sources (which student covers in the preliminary preparation), they need to refer the government reports and latest updates.

Some of such reports are:

1.   AI and Robotics and Their Impact On the Workplace 

2.   NITI Aayog Report On Blockchain Technology

3.   Opportunities and Risks of Nanotechnologies: OECD Report

4.   India's Space Program: International Competition and Evolution

Alongwith the reports, the student should refer to the sources such as:

•   Editorials from Newspapers 

•   Videos of government sources as Rajya Sabha TV

•   PIB, Government institutes documents, etc.

Note: In IASHELPDESK we are providing the books, reports, videos, editorials and questions at one stop so that a student may concentrate in attainment of knowledge rather than busy in accessing the different sources.